Search results

This study aims to analyze tourism development's (TOD) role in demoting income inequality in South Asia from 1996 to 2020. To this end, this study explored the connection between TOD, tourism investment, economic growth (GDP), trade globalization (TGL) and income inequality.

This study used various techniques, including cross-sectional dependence, unit root, cointegration techniques, long-term elasticity estimators and short-term causality between the study variables. This study adopted Driscoll–Kraay standard errors and Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality estimations.

This study’s results reveal that tourism has an inverted U-shaped association with income inequality in the long run, which supports the Kuznets Curve hypothesis. In contrast, capital investment in tourism (CIT) has a significant negative association with income inequality. At the same time, growth and TGL positively and significantly affect income inequality. Moreover, TOD has a bidirectional feedback causality of income inequality. These results also support tourism's “price effect” on income inequality. Hence, this study provides more practical implications regarding policymaking in tourism and income inequality in developing economies to target Agenda 2030.

This study is unique by considering the cross-sectional dependence in estimating the model that has been ignored in previous studies and provides new insights into the existing literature by investigating how TOD and CIT contribute to income inequality concentrating on the understudied South Asian economies from 1996 to 2020. As a result, this study has more practical implications for policymaking in the tourism industry and income inequality in emerging economies.

本研究分析了 1996 年至 2020 年旅游业发展在缓解南亚收入不平等方面的作用。为此, 该研究探讨了旅游业发展、旅游投资、经济增长、贸易全球化和收入不平等之间的联系。

本研究使用了多种技术, 包括横截面相关性 (CSD),单位根、协整技术、长期弹性估计量以及研究变量之间的短期因果关系。本研究采用 Driscoll-Kraay 标准误差和 Dumitrescu Hurlin 面板因果关系估计。

目前的研究结果表明, 从长远来看, 旅游业与收入不平等呈倒U型关联, 这支持了库兹涅茨曲线假说。相比之下, 旅游业的资本投资与收入不平等呈显著负相关。与此同时, 增长和贸易全球化对收入不平等产生了积极和显著的影响。此外, 旅游发展对收入不平等具有双向反馈因果关系。这些结果也支持旅游业对收入不平等的“价格效应”。因此, 本研究为发展中经济体的旅游业和收入不平等政策制定提供了更多实际意义, 以实现 2030 年议程。

本研究的独特之处在于考虑了估计模型的横截面相关性, 这在以前的研究中被忽略。重点关注1996年至2020年未被充分研究的南亚经济体, 通过调查旅游业发展和旅游业的资本投资如何导致收入不平等, 从而为现有文献提供新的见解。因此, 本研究对旅游业的政策制定和新兴经济体的收入不平等具有更实际的意义。

Este estudio analiza el papel del desarrollo turístico en la disminución de la desigualdad de ingresos en el sur de Asia entre 1996 y 2020. Para ello, el estudio explora la conexión entre el desarrollo del turismo, la inversión turística, el crecimiento económico, la globalización del comercio y la desigualdad de ingresos.

Este estudio utilizó diversas técnicas, como la dependencia transversal (DSC), la raíz unitaria, las técnicas de cointegración, los estimadores de la elasticidad a largo plazo y la causalidad a corto plazo entre las variables del estudio. Este estudio adoptó los errores estándar de Driscoll-Kraay y las estimaciones de causalidad de panel de Dumitrescu Hurlin.

Los resultados del presente estudio revelan que el turismo tiene una asociación en forma de U invertida con la desigualdad de ingresos a largo plazo, lo que apoya la hipótesis de la curva de Kuznets. En cambio, la inversión de capital en turismo tiene una asociación negativa significativa con la desigualdad de ingresos. Al mismo tiempo, el crecimiento y la globalización del comercio afectan positiva y significativamente a la desigualdad de ingresos. Además, el desarrollo del turismo tiene una causalidad de retroalimentación bidireccional de la desigualdad de ingresos. Estos resultados también apoyan el “efecto precio” del turismo sobre la desigualdad de ingresos. Por lo tanto, este estudio proporciona más implicaciones prácticas con respecto a la formulación de políticas en materia de turismo y desigualdad de ingresos en las economías en desarrollo para apuntar a la Agenda 2030.

El presente estudio es único al considerar la dependencia transversal en la estimación del modelo que ha sido ignorada en estudios anteriores y aporta nuevas perspectivas a la literatura existente al investigar cómo el desarrollo del turismo y la inversión de capital en turismo contribuyen a la desigualdad de ingresos. Este estudio se centra en las economías del sur de Asia que han sido poco estudiadas y se extiende desde 1996 hasta 2020. Como resultado, este trabajo tiene más implicaciones prácticas para la formulación de políticas en la industria turística y la desigualdad de ingresos en las economías emergentes.

The present study aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between international tourist receipts, economic growth, energy use and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in Pakistan over the period 1980-2016. Many researchers have investigated the link between tourism and CO₂ emissions, but there is no clear picture as the results are contradictory. This study is an attempt to compliment the literature related to tourism and environmental quality.

The study adopted the autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) model to investigate the short- and long-run estimates simultaneously. The study further applied Granger causality to find out the direction of causalities. To arrive at long-run robust estimates, the study used dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) model.

The results found that tourist receipts have no significant impact on environmental quality, while growth and energy consumption are the main determinants of CO₂ emissions in Pakistan. The Granger causality test confirmed unidirectional causalities from GDP and energy consumption toward CO₂ emissions, while tourist receipts do not affect environmental quality. DOLS technique confirmed the long-run estimates of ARDL model.

The result of the study complements the literature by adding new evidence regarding the nexus of tourism and environment. Findings of the study are important for policymakers and regulatory bodies to place their focus on the development of tourism sector (services sector) rather than energy-intensive manufacturing activities to sustain the growth of the country in higher quartiles, as tourism receipts have no significant negative externalities toward environment, while energy use is one of the key determinants of environmental degradation.

This study used time series data over the period 1980-2016 for Pakistan to inspect the dynamic relationship between tourist receipts, economic growth, energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.

The aim of this empirical study is to examine how religiosity, animosity and ethnocentrism interact to influence judgment about US products and purchase actions of young consumers in a conservative Islamic country like Pakistan. Many studies have been conducted before in progressive Islamic countries such as Malaysia, Jordan, Turkey and Tunisia but not in conservative Islamic countries like Pakistan.

A validated questionnaire derived from literature is used for data collection. Data were collected from 381 college students in four provincial capital cities of Pakistan (Karachi, Lahore, Quetta and Peshawar). Structural equation modeling is used to test the framework.

This study reveals key significant cause and effect relationships like consumers religiosity on foreign product judgment, consumers animosity on foreign product judgment, consumers religiosity on ethnocentric tendencies of consumers, consumers ethnocentric tendencies on foreign product judgment and foreign product judgment on purchase action of consumers.

This study attempts to add value to the existing literature on consumer behavior, especially the role of religiosity, animosity and ethnocentrism in young consumers. This study is the first of its kind on examining religiosity, animosity and ethnocentrism among young consumers in Pakistan. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study will guide the marketing managers to formulate appropriate strategies when targeting young consumers, especially when they decide to boycott US products.

This study aims to identify the various economic and non-economic determinants of renewable energy consumption (REC) in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). Due to the adverse effect of carbon emission on the environment, every country is trying for a transition from fossil fuel towards renewable energy. Renewable energy plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emission and combating climate change. Understanding the determinants that influence REC helps to promote this transition.

The study is based on an unbalanced panel data over the period 2002–2019 for all five BRICS nations. The panel corrected standard error (PCSE) method has been adopted to examine the determinants of REC.

Industrialization, population growth and foreign direct investment (FDI) are found to be significant economic determinants of REC while patent on environmental technologies, political instability and industrial design are significant non-economic determinants of REC in the BRICS nations.

The findings imply that to increase REC in BRICS nations, policymakers should incentivize industries for investments in renewable energy, attract FDI aligned with environmental regulations, raise population awareness through training, enforce industrial design standards, establish fair technology transfer frameworks to overcome patent barriers and create stable, long-term renewable energy policies with risk mitigation instruments to address political instability.

The study captures the effect of patents on environmental technologies and industrial design on the consumption of renewable energy. Thus, the novelty lies in investigating unexplored variables in the previous literature likely to affect REC.

The purpose of this paper is to explore contemporary attitudes amongst UK construction professionals regards fire safety post the Grenfell Tower disaster. Specifically, the research examines practitioner’s perceptions of fire safety design, material specification, construction and maintenance of high-rise blocks throughout a building’s whole life cycle.

A multi-methodology approach was adopted that utilises a mix of research methods. Extant literature and media content is used as a secondary data source, providing a more insightful interpretivist analysis – the results of which guided the development of the survey’s main question set. Primary survey data are sourced from structured interviews and questionnaires completed by participating industry professionals and built environment undergraduate students using non-representative sampling methods. In addition, a Grenfell Tower special advisory panel member was interviewed to add further validity to the overall findings.

The quantitative findings present evidence to suggest that the Grenfell disaster (and media storm that has surrounded this event) has raised the general level of fire safety knowledge and competency amongst construction professionals. However, qualitative feedback from the special advisory panel member suggests specific fire prevention knowledge remains elusive within both industry and taught programmes at Higher Education Institutes. As a consequence, changes in the taught curriculum are proposed together with an extension of the role of facilities managers in practice to cover fire safety in greater depth.

This paper provides thoughtful insights into the contemporary discourse on fire safety within the UK construction industry. The research also provides critical suggestions to both industry and policy makers which seek to prevent a repeat tragedy occurring again.

The purpose of this paper is to draw a map of the general features of epistemological and critical concerns in contemporary Islamic philosophy. This study will not be confined to the domain of academic philosophy or to those who are professionals in the field of philosophy.

The paper adopted the critical rational approach in dealing with contemporary Islamic philosophy in the Arab world. The scope will include scholars from different fields of epistemology who tried to present a “vision” of the attitude that should be adopted in facing the challenges of the age and the problems of the nation on the epistemological level or the political, economic and social levels.

There is a need for a philosophy of action and progress rather than a philosophy that is based on abstract ideas and theories and of words/rhetoric. The ethics required to accomplish this ought to identify the attributes of the citizen who can reach self-actualization through legitimate means based on a progress agenda with theoretical and philosophical foundations.

Because a critical rational approach can be dealt with from different perspectives, this paper will adopt the classification of the principal intellectual trends: the reformist, secular and liberal.

This paper covers a long time span to determine whether the philosophical projects have been effective.

This paper, which criticizes the philosophic projects that are theoretically unsound and that do not address real social problems (like poverty), argues the need for a philosophy of progress and action. This will lead to devising an agenda that addresses the challenges the society is facing and to finding alternative and creative solutions resulting in development.

This study aims to review relevant studies concerning consumer purchase of halal-certified products. A total of 35 studies related to the consumer purchasing behavior of halal-certified products in top-tier journals have been identified according to the recommended systematic literature review methodology.

A systematic literature review approach was implemented to examine, summarize and finally interpret the relevant research stream pertaining to consumer purchase of halal-certified products.

There are five research streams extracted from this systematic review, halal study context, theories adapted, covariance-based-structural equation modeling (SEM) vs partial least square-SEM, Muslim vs nonMuslim consumer and role of religiosity. Despite the growing interest in the quantitative approach in consumer purchase behavior in halal-certified products, scholars in halal consumer studies must have a greater extent of work. These include incorporating diverse theories in the framework, an advanced SEM approach, and relevant determinants to capture consumer purchasing of halal-certified products in the highly anticipated and profitable Muslim market.

Findings would help researchers in halal studies to consider and contemplate critical issues, according to the research stream presented in this review.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first review of quantitative studies on consumer purchases of halal-certified products.

This study aims to investigate the moderating impact of environmental knowledge on the factors influencing individuals’ continuous intention to use e-wallets.

Using a quantitative research design, this study develops and empirically tests a structural model. A purposive sample of 344 e-wallet users in Jordan was analyzed using Smart-PLS software.

The results indicate that perceived usefulness, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control directly influence the intention to continue using e-wallets. Notably, environmental concern and environmental knowledge do not have a direct impact on continuous intention. However, they act as mediators in the relationship between perceived behavioral control and continuous intention. Specifically, environmental knowledge acts as a mediator between perceived behavioral control, subjective norms and continuous intention. Furthermore, environmental knowledge moderates the relationship between perceived behavioral control and subjective norms, significantly impacting users’ continuous intention to use e-wallets.

This study contributes to the extended theory of planned behavior model within the banking sector by emphasizing the enhanced explanatory power of environmental factors. It underscores the pivotal role of environmental knowledge as a moderator that connects determinants of e-wallet usage to continuous intention.